How To Calculate Sample Covariance In Excel

Calculating sample covariance is essential for understanding the relationship between two variables in a dataset. Microsoft Excel offers built-in functions that can be utilized for this statistical measure.

This guide provides a step-by-step approach to compute sample covariance using Excel's capabilities. However, we'll also explore why using Sourcetable can simplify this process even further than Excel.

Calculate Sample Covariance in Excel

To calculate sample covariance in Excel, use the COVARIANCE.S function. This function computes the average of the products of deviations for each data point pair in two datasets. It's essential for assessing the relationship between two variables.

Using COVARIANCE.S Function

Enter the COVARIANCE.S function into a cell where you want the covariance to appear. Provide two arguments, which must be numerical values, ranges, or arrays. Ensure that both arguments have the same number of data points to avoid a #N/A error.

Handling Special Cases

If your data contains text, logical values, or empty cells, the COVARIANCE.S function will ignore them. However, if an array is empty or contains only one data point, Excel displays the #DIV/0! error.

Compatibility Across Excel Versions

The COVARIANCE.S function is compatible with multiple versions of Excel, including Excel for Microsoft 365, Excel for the web, and Excel 2013 through 2021. This ensures wide usability for calculating sample covariance.

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