Financial Terms

The accounting rate of return is a useful metric for quickly and accurately comparing multiple investment projects and determining their expected rate of return.

Aging accounts payable reports help businesses keep track of their debts, manage cash flow, plan future expenses, and catch accounts payable issues quickly.

The Accounts Payable Aging Report helps companies keep track of costs of doing business, such as mortgages, rent, and utility payments, over time.

Accounts receivable aging reports are a useful tool to help companies adjust their financial statements and determine the allowance for doubtful accounts.

The Accounts Receivable Report gives an accurate snapshot of outstanding invoices and provides actionable insights to improve AR workflows, helping to determine the average collection period.

Accretion is the process of growth or enlargement, helping things get bigger and better!

Accrual accounting is the practice of recording revenue when goods or services are sold and expenses when they are incurred.

Accrued expenses are an accounting term used to report expenses that have been incurred but not yet paid.

Accrued revenue is the money owed to a business for goods or services that have been provided but not yet paid for. It is recorded as receivables on the balance sheet.

Budget vs. actuals is a report that allows companies to measure their performance by comparing planned finances with the final financial results of a period of time.

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Amortization is a process used when taking out a loan, involving the repayment of the loan amount over a set loan term.

The Amortization Schedule Calculator is a useful tool for calculating monthly mortgage payments and the total principal and interest paid on a mortgage at a specified date.

APR is a percentage that can be used to measure the cost of taking out a loan.

Appreciation is the increase in value of an asset, investment, or currency over time.

Arbitrage is a trading strategy used by large financial institutions to buy and sell the same asset in different markets to profit from small price discrepancies.

Assets are valuable resources that can be used to generate economic gain. They are listed on a company's balance sheet, classified as current, fixed, financial, and intangible, and can increase a company's value, generate cash flow, and reduce expenses.

Asset allocation is the process of deciding what investments to make in order to get the best returns. It is a personal decision that requires careful consideration.

An asset allocation report shows that U.S. public plans are over-allocated to private equity, hedge funds, and under-allocated to real assets and multi-asset strategies, relative to their intended use.

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Asset depreciation reports available in UltraTax CS provide a comprehensive overview of all assets, including the bonus depreciation report, the depreciation adjustment report, and the future year depreciation report. These reports detail the asset number, description, date in service, cost basis, business use percentage, and more.

Asset valuation report provides an estimate of the net asset value of tangible assets minus intangible assets and liabilities, using absolute valuation models based on the asset's characteristics.

Asset-backed securities are debt instruments that provide a fixed rate of income over a set period of time, backed by an underlying pool of assets.

Asset-based lending is a great way for small to mid-sized businesses to take out short-term loans using their assets, such as inventory, accounts receivable, or equipment, as collateral.

Auditing has been around since the dawn of time, ensuring the safety and security of all public and corporate sectors.

The balance sheet is divided into two sections, assets and liabilities, and each section is organized by how current the account is.

Balance reporting is an essential tool for ensuring financial stability and managing cash flow, enabling customers to stay informed on their current account balances and any pending transactions. Banks offer more complex balance reporting products to businesses and other organizations, providing real-time updates and search capabilities for specific transactions.

A bank reconciliation statement is an important tool to keep track of your business and banking activity.

Filing for bankruptcy is a serious process, but it can be made easier with the help of federal courts. All it takes is a petition filed by the debtor to get started.

A bear market is a downward trend in stock prices, and investors may make money by short selling, put options, and inverse ETFs. Get your bear claws out and prepare for a fight!

Beta is a measure of a security's volatility compared to the market as a whole, making it a dynamic and important factor to consider when assessing performance.

The bid-ask spread is an indication of market liquidity, giving investors an idea of how easy it is to buy and sell securities.

The Black-Scholes model is an invaluable tool for pricing European options efficiently and accurately.

Blue chip companies are well-respected and financially sound, offering high-quality products and services that are traded on major stock exchanges.

Bonds are a great way for investors to act as lenders and receive fixed-income returns until the bond matures. Even after the initial purchase, investors can sell the bond to other investors.

Book value is a valuable tool for investors to assess the true value of a company. It is calculated by netting an asset against its accumulated depreciation and subtracting its liabilities, and can also be used to calculate a company's per-share book value and P/B ratio.

The bottom-up approach is a popular strategy used by many investors and fund managers to make informed decisions about investing. It focuses on microeconomic factors and provides specific information on a company to make more informed decisions.

Break-even analysis is a great way to figure out what level of production you need to reach to make a profit - making it an invaluable tool for any business!

The break-even point helps to calculate the amount of units or dollars of revenue that must be reached in order to cover all costs.

Brokers are the middlemen in transactions between buyers and sellers, saving everyone involved money and hassle. They represent principals in deals and are especially cost-effective in smaller markets.

A budget vs. actual analysis helps you understand the difference between budget and actual spending by showing you the granularity of each financial aspect of your company.

A Bull market is a prolonged period of time where stock prices increase, typically lasting for several years, and is defined as a 20% increase in a stock market index or an individual security.

Burn Rate is a measure of how quickly a company spends its cash reserves, and its rate of cash spending per month affects its overall financial runway.

Buy-and-hold is a great investment strategy for those looking to secure their financial future - buy stocks or other securities and hold them for the long haul!

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CAPM is a useful model for estimating a company's cost of equity capital due to its objective nature and the limiting assumptions it requires.

Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) is an investment that companies make to acquire, upgrade, or maintain physical assets such as property, plants, buildings, technology, or equipment to expand their operations.

Investing in capital expenditure can give a company a leg up on the competition, improving efficiency and giving them the edge they need to succeed.

Capital expenditure is an important part of any project or investment, and includes purchasing equipment to help make the process easier.

Capital gain is the profit made when an asset is sold for more than its adjusted basis.

Capital gains refer to the profits made when selling a capital asset, such as a home, personal use item, stocks, or bonds.

Capital losses can be used to your advantage on your tax return by deducting them up to $3,000 per year!

Capital structure is how companies finance their operations and growth, using both debt (borrowed money) and equity.

Capitalization is an accounting method that allows for an asset to be depreciated over its useful life.

The Cash disbursements report is an easy way to keep track of checks issued to payees, with subtotals for each one and a grand total at the bottom. Split accounts are also clearly marked with "SPLIT".

Cash flow is the movement of money in and out of a company, as reported by the cash flow statement. It's a key indicator of a company's financial health.

Cash flow forecasting is the process of estimating the flow of cash into and out of a business over a period of time, and requires input from multiple stakeholders and data sources. The objective of forecasting depends on the nature of the business.

The cash flow statement is an important tool to measure a company's ability to manage its cash, as it tracks the movement of cash and cash equivalents over a given period of time. It is usually calculated using the indirect method, which adjusts net income.

The cash receipts report is a useful tool to calculate invoices and assets quickly and accurately.

CDs are an investment option that require an initial deposit, but can offer a safe, fixed rate of return.

The Certified financial analyst (CFA) Program is a rigorous three-part exam that tests candidates' knowledge of investment analysis, asset valuing, and portfolio management, making it a highly sought-after career path for students, professionals, and investment managers.

Collateral is the key to unlocking a secured loan. It provides a layer of protection for the lender should the borrower fail to fulfill their loan obligations.

Commercial paper is an unsecured, short-term debt instrument issued by businesses at a discount from its face value. It's a great way to quickly raise capital without having to incur the expenses associated with taking out a loan.

A commission is a fee paid to an individual or organization for facilitating or completing a transaction, typically calculated as a percentage of the transaction's value.

A commission report is a document that details the commissions earned by an individual or organization for facilitating transactions, often including information such as commission rates, transaction values, and payment dates.

Compound interest is a powerful tool that can help you multiply your savings at an accelerated rate, as it takes into account both the principal and previous periods' interest.

Consolidated financial statements are an aggregated representation of an entity's entire business, including multiple divisions or subsidiaries, and must use the same accounting framework as the parent company.

The CPI is an average of prices that helps to track changes in the cost of living over time. It is calculated by considering a basket of goods and services.

A corporate bond is a type of debt security issued by a company to investors in exchange for capital, with the investor receiving a set number of interest payments.

A cost center report provides a concise overview of the financial activities and expenses associated with specific departments or units within an organization. It helps management track and analyze costs to facilitate budgeting, resource allocation, and decision-making processes.

The cost of capital is an important factor to consider when evaluating capital budgeting projects and is calculated using the weighted average cost of capital formula which takes into account a company's cost of debt and equity.

The cost of capital report explains the importance of determining a capital budgeting project's minimum return by calculating the weighted average cost of capital formula, which considers a company's cost of both debt and equity.

COGS, or cost of goods sold, is an important report to understand the cost of sales.

Cost-benefit analysis is a great way for businesses to make decisions by calculating the benefits and subtracting the costs of taking a certain action.

Credit refers to the ability to borrow money or access goods and services with the promise of repaying the lender at a later date, often with interest.

A credit rating is a quantified assessment of an entity's creditworthiness, used to determine if they can borrow money. Credit ratings are calculated by credit rating agencies, who are paid by the entities seeking credit ratings.

Credit risk is a potential issue that can occur in a variety of different situations.

Currency is a medium of exchange used to facilitate transactions and trade, representing a system of money recognized and accepted within a specific country or region.

Custodian banks are the guardians of our assets, offering safekeeping for stocks, bonds and other investments, as well as additional services such as transaction settlements and financial account management.

The Customer Aging Report keeps track of balances due in a specified period of time.

Customer profitability analysis is a tool used to shift the focus from product line profitability to individual customer profitability, utilizing activity based costing to determine profitability. It identifies the costs incurred in relation to servicing a specific customer or segment of customers.

Debt comes in many forms, from loans for large purchases such as mortgages to auto and personal loans. No matter what form it takes, debt is an obligation and should be managed responsibly.

A business debt schedule is an essential tool for monitoring cash flow and making informed strategic decisions about debt payments. Easily created using a spreadsheet, it can help track all debts, construct a cash flow analysis, strategize payments, and monitor business financial health.

The debt-service coverage ratio is a vital measure in government finance, as lenders demand a certain minimum DSCR depending on the current economic climate.

Debt service report is an important tool used by lenders to assess macroeconomic conditions and decide the minimum DSCR for borrowers.

The debt-to-equity ratio is an important tool in corporate finance that measures a company's financial leverage.

Defaulting on any type of debt can have serious consequences, leading to a lowered credit rating and affecting both secured and unsecured debt.

Deflation is a decrease in the price level of goods and services, which can cause a decrease in consumer spending.

Depreciation is an accounting method used to spread the cost of a physical asset over its estimated life. Companies use this to reduce their taxable income and to keep track of their assets' depreciation over time.

Derivatives are contracts between two parties, whose value is derived from an underlying asset, such as stocks, bonds, currency, commodities, and interest rates.

Direct costs are an essential part of any business, as they are variable costs that benefit only one object without needing to be allocated to other cost objects.

The discount rate is the interest rate charged by the Federal Reserve for short-term loans taken from its discount window lending facility.

Diversification is a great way to reduce risk and increase the long-term return of your investments. By spreading your investments across different types of assets, countries, and industries, you can reduce the impact of unsystematic risk events on your portfolio.

Dividend is a way for companies to reward their shareholders by giving them a share of their earnings. It's up to the board of directors to decide who qualifies for the payout!

The dividend payout ratio is a helpful metric for investors to measure the proportion of earnings a company distributes as dividends to its shareholders.

The dividend payout report shows the proportion of earnings companies pay out as dividends to their shareholders.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average is a stock market index representing the performance of the largest publicly traded companies in the United States.

Duration is an important concept to consider when measuring time, as it is measured in years.

Yahoo is a part of the family of brands, using cookies to help authenticate users and provide its sites and apps to them.

EPS is the measure of a company's profitability, calculated by taking the net profit and dividing it by the number of outstanding shares.

Expense reports are an essential part of tracking and managing company spending, allowing users to create and track spending for departments and projects. Manual and software tools like Microsoft Excel can be used to create expense reports.

Enterprise value is the total value of a company's assets, and is often used as a more comprehensive measure of a company's value.

A maintenance report form is a document that helps users to perform maintenance procedures in an efficient and effective manner.

Equipment utilization is a measure of the extent to which a company's machinery or equipment is being used relative to its full capacity.

Equity is a financial asset that appears on a company's balance sheet and is essential to understanding the financial health of a business.

The ex-dividend date is the day when a company declares a dividend and is set one business day before the record date for a stock.

An exchange is a marketplace where securities, commodities, derivatives and other financial instruments are traded.

Expenses are the cost of doing business, from payments to suppliers to employee wages. Companies can write off tax-deductible expenses on their income tax returns, and there are two types of expenses: operating and non-operating.

Expense analysis reports provide businesses with real-time visibility into expenses and spending trends, helping finance teams and executives make informed decisions on budget cuts and policy updates. Fyle is an expense management software that provides these analytics and insights.

The Federal Reserve is the lender of last resort, providing loans and short-term credit to depository institutions through its discount window programs.

Fiduciary is a responsible party that looks after the interests of another individual or group.

Financial advisors are the go-to people for help with managing your money and providing different services.

Financial leverage is an effective way to acquire assets by using borrowed funds. It is measured by the debt-to-equity and debt-to-capital ratios.

Financial planners are the ones who help you manage your money and ensure that your investments are in the right place!

Financial projection reports are the key to any successful business plan. They provide forecasts of cash inflows and outflows, and should be used to plan for contingencies ahead of time in order to ensure success.

A financial statement is a snapshot of a company's assets and liabilities at any given point in time, as seen in the balance sheet.

Financial statement analysis is a useful tool that uses horizontal, vertical, and ratio analysis to help you understand and analyze financial statements.

Fixed assets are tangible property or equipment owned by a company and used in operations. They are reported on the balance sheet and are subject to depreciation.

The Fixed asset register is an invaluable tool used to track long-term investments, capture detailed asset information, and provide valuable data for informed decision-making.

A Fixed Asset Utilization report is an important tool to help you keep track of your assets and ensure that all the data is correct. It provides insight into where the assets are located and can help identify any discrepancies in the asset data.

A Fixed Cost Report is a document that outlines costs that are set for a specific period of time.

Fixed income investments are a type of security that pays out fixed payments of interest or dividends and can be purchased directly from brokers or through ETFs and mutual funds.

Forecast vs. Actual Analysis is a method used to compare forecasts and budgets to actual results, utilizing spreadsheets and variance analysis. This allows for efficient data comparison and tracking of trends.

Foreign exchange is a global market of immense proportions, exchanging an incredible $5.3 trillion per day in different currencies.

A Forward contract is a standardized contract that is traded on stock exchanges, and settles on a daily basis.

Free cash flow is a useful tool for assessing a company's ability to generate cash from its operations. It is calculated by adding net income to non-cash expenses, such as depreciation and amortization.

Fundamental analysis is an essential tool for investors to make informed decisions about their investments.

Futures contracts are a great way to buy or sell something at a predetermined price for delivery in the future, with the first contracts having been negotiated for agricultural products.

Gearing measures the extent to which a company's operations are funded by lenders, otherwise known as financial leverage.

GDP is a comprehensive measure of the economic health of a country, calculated on either an annual or quarterly basis. It takes into account both the total monetary value of all goods and services produced and inflation, and is also measured on a per capita basis.

The Gross Margin Report is a key indicator of business profitability, providing insight into the three major profitability ratios.

Hedging is a strategy used to reduce risk by paying a premium and employing derivatives like options and futures. It is a popular technique used by companies, investors, and portfolio managers.

Hedge funds require a high minimum investment and charge higher fees than conventional funds, but they also offer higher potential returns with their riskier strategies.

Holding period return is a metric that is used to measure the total returns of an asset or portfolio over a given time period, and is expressed as a percentage.

The income statement is an essential financial statement that tracks a company's revenue, expenses, gains, and losses to calculate their net income.

Trend analysis of an Income statement can reveal an organization's financial performance over time, by calculating the amount and percentage change from one period to the next.

Inflation affects the buying power of a currency by increasing the cost of goods and services.

Initial public offering (IPO) is a great way for companies to raise money, grow, and expand!

Interest is like a tax for borrowing money - it's a percentage of the amount borrowed.

Interest rate affects the cost of a mortgage, including mortgage insurance.

The internal rate of return (IRR) is a measure of the expected return of an investment or project, calculated using its net present value and the future cash flows associated with it.

Inventory is an important asset that companies must manage carefully - from raw materials used in production, to finished goods and merchandise, to supplies. It must be monitored and valued using the cost of the earliest purchased materials in order to minimize costs.

The Inventory aging report is an interactive tool that uses a FIFO inventory model to generate a report and chart, and also allows you to export and store past reports with monthly period buckets.

Inventory reports provide a snapshot of a business's inventory at any given time, so you can keep track of what you have and what you need.

The Inventory Valuation report is a comprehensive overview of warehouse activity, including transaction types and reasons, and totals for allocatable, non-allocatable, and retail warehouses.

Investment involves dividing up a portfolio by asset class in a process known as asset allocation. Smart investing is a key part of financial success!

Investment bankers are financial professionals employed by financial institutions whose primary role is to raise money and possess strong numerical abilities.

Investment banking is a type of financial services company that specializes in corporate finance deals such as mergers and acquisitions, demergers, takeovers, and more.

Job costing is an accounting method that tracks the cost of projects and jobs, broken down into labor, materials, and overhead expenses. It's a great way to keep your finances organized and ensure that everything is accounted for!

A joint venture is a collaborative effort between two or more parties to achieve a shared goal, forming a separate entity from the participants' existing businesses.

Junk bonds are a high-risk, high-reward investment option, providing a market indicator for the overall financial health of companies, start-ups, and those in financial distress.

The Lease analysis report is a great tool to determine the amortization schedule for any lease agreement.

Leverage ratios measure the extent to which a company finances its assets and operations using debt or equity. They indicate how much debt a business entity carries against its other accounts.

Liability is a quality or state of being responsible for something, usually used in the plural form!

Liquidity is the measure of how quickly an asset can be converted into cash, making it an important factor to consider when assessing the value of an asset.

The Liquidity report measures a company's ability to pay off current liabilities with total assets, ensuring its financial stability.

A loan is a great way to purchase fixed assets, offering flexibility with balloon payments for shorter term loans and fixed payments for longer ones.

The amortization schedule calculator is an essential tool for calculating monthly mortgage payments, principal and interest payments, total principal and interest payments over a certain period of time, and how much principal one owes on a mortgage at a certain date.

Know your rights when it comes to applying for a loan: the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act requires financial institutions to report mortgage data anonymously to protect your privacy.

A loan payoff report shows the difference between the current balance and the payoff amount.

Long-term debt is an essential tool for businesses of all sizes, whether it's a startup or a mature business.

Management dashboards help managers and team leaders to keep an eye on their team's performance and spot potential issues. They provide guidance to struggling team members and track both individual and team performance.

Manufacturing cost analysis involves adding the total direct materials, labor, and manufacturing overhead costs to determine total product costs. It is essential for businesses to understand their production costs, which include raw materials, consumable manufacturing supplies, and general overhead costs.

The Manufacturing variance report displays how manufacturing companies are measuring and calculating variances in cost, material usage, labor, and subcontract usage.

The Margin Analysis Report helps you compare your fixed price engagements with the time billable rates, in order to determine the best option for your project.

A market analysis is an in-depth examination of an industry's market to gain insight and understanding.

Market capitalization is a useful tool to measure a company's size, so you can make an informed decision when investing!

Market risk requires a combination of experience, judgment and dedication to effectively manage.

The Market Share Report provides an overview of the performance of various funds, as well as definitions of essential marketing terms such as marketing, market share, advertising, advertorial, affiliate marketing, and more. Additionally, it provides insights on the Blue Ocean Strategy, which seeks to leverage untapped markets without competing firms.

Mergers are an agreement between two companies to form a new company, uniting products and expanding into new segments, territories, and markets to increase profits and grow revenues.

Minority interest is an important factor to consider in a parent company's balance sheet, as it can tell us how much of a controlling interest the parent company has in its subsidiary, ranging from 50% to 100%.

The Modigliani-Miller theorem, published in 1958, is an influential economic theory that provides insight into corporate finance.

The money market is an important part of the global financial system, allowing governments and corporations to manage their cash flow. It includes overnight swaps of money between banks and the U.S. government and other financial institutions.

Keep track of your expenses with this easy-to-use Monthly Expense Report template!

Mortgage payments are a monthly commitment that are composed of both principal and interest payment amounts.

Mutual funds are a great way to get professionally managed investments, as they pool assets from shareholders and allocate them with the aim of providing returns based on market capitalization.

The Nasdaq Composite index is a capitalization-based index that includes almost all stocks listed on the Nasdaq stock exchange, and is heavily weighted towards information technology companies. It is one of the most-followed stock market indices in the United States.

NPV helps you calculate the value of future payments, so you can make smart investment decisions.

Net worth isn't just for the wealthy; it's a measure of a person's financial success. High net worth individuals have substantial net worths.

The NYSE is the top spot for icons, entrepreneurs, and traders to come together and make their mark in the world of finance. It's the largest exchange with advanced technology and a community of leaders to help companies raise capital.

Operating expense is an essential cost for keeping a business, product, or system running smoothly.

Operating expenses are the costs incurred in a business's normal operations. These include rent, equipment, inventory costs, marketing, payroll, insurance, step costs, and research and development.

Options are an investment that come in two varieties, calls and puts, and can be purchased for a premium per-share price.

Option pricing theory is used to calculate the fair value of an option using mathematical models, such as the Black-Scholes model, which requires five input variables. It is also used in option strategies to determine the probability that an option will be exercised.

The Order Backlog Report is an efficient way to monitor open orders by displaying the order numbers, customer names, order types, purchase orders, order dates, and shipped and outstanding monetary amounts.

An ordinary annuity is a type of annuity that involves a series of equal cash flows over a period of time.

Over-the-counter (OTC) trading is a way of trading securities without using a traditional exchange. OTCQX is one of the largest and most respected OTC markets, offering stocks, bonds, and derivatives for trade.

An overhead analysis report is a comprehensive evaluation of the fixed monthly and annual expenses that businesses must pay, such as rent, salaries, and insurance.

The P/E ratio is a useful tool for investors to assess the potential value of a company.

The payback period is an important tool for capital budgeting and is used by investors, financial professionals, and corporations to make informed decisions.

Payroll reports are essential tools to help employers manage their labor costs and gain valuable insights into their workforce.

Form 941 is the quarterly tax report employers need to file with the federal government to keep their payroll taxes up to date.

Penny stocks are equities that trade on an over-the-counter market and have low liquidity.

A portfolio is a compilation of investments that can range from stocks and bonds to real estate and more!

Preferred stock is an equity type that combines features of debt and equity securities, and is appealing to investors seeking stability in potential future cash flows. It also has different types, each with their own features and a higher claim to dividends than common stock.

The Price-earnings (P/E) ratio is a measure used to evaluate a company's value and performance.

The price-to-book ratio is a reliable and useful tool for finding low-priced stocks that could be great investments.

The Price-to-sales ratio is a valuable tool for assessing the value of a company. It measures the market value of a company's revenue relative to the total sales it has recently generated.

The Prime rate is an important benchmark for many loan products, as it is based on the Federal Reserve's federal funds rate and used to calculate the rates on home equity lines of credit, credit cards, adjustable-rate mortgages, small business loans, and more.

Principal is the original sum of money that is borrowed or invested in a financial transaction.

Profit is the driving force behind any successful business, as it is the financial benefit realized when the revenue exceeds the expenses by a certain amount. Analyzing profit is essential to understanding the success of a business.

A Profit and Loss (P&L) statement is an important document that shows how much money a business has earned or lost in a specified period of time, typically on a cash or accrual basis.

A profit center report is a financial statement that provides information on the revenue, expenses, and profits generated by a specific business unit or department within an organization.

Profit margin is a key indicator of a company's financial health, calculated by dividing its profits by its total revenue, and can vary widely by industry.

Profit margin is a key indicator of a company's financial health and is measured as a percentage to allow for comparisons between different businesses.

The profitability index helps to determine the profitability of a project by comparing its present value of future cash flows to its initial cost.

The Project budget report is an invaluable tool that provides insight into a project's budget status, expense budget and client-by-client breakdown.

A project status report is a great way to keep everyone on the same page and informed of the progress of a project, as it provides data through charts and graphs and is updated frequently.

A prospectus is a document filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission that contains important information about an investment offering that can help investors make informed decisions.

A public company is a type of business whose ownership is organized through shares of stock and must be listed on an exchange.

The Purchase Analysis Report provides comprehensive information on past purchases such as total payments, finance charges, and discounts. It also calculates statistics at three one-month intervals from the date entered.

The Purchase History Report is your window into your past purchases, providing information on recent and older purchases!

The Purchase order register puts the power of data analysis in your hands, allowing you to filter your reports by date range, location, and report format.

A purchase order report provides an overview of goods received within a specific date range, including the total amount and quantity of materials ordered.

The Purchase Price Variance Report helps to identify the difference between the purchase price on the purchase order and the standard cost for all items received, calculated as the quantity received multiplied by the price difference.

Put options are a great way to protect yourself against potential losses in the stock market, giving you the right to sell an asset at a predetermined price within a specific time frame.

A quality control report is a valuable document that outlines the process of an inspection, providing valuable insight into the quality of the inspected product or service.

Quotes are essential in stock trading as they indicate the value of a security, such as a stock or bond, and show the bid-ask spread, high, low, open, and close prices.

The rate of return is a percentage of an investment's initial value, giving an indication of the investment's performance.

Keep track of your raw materials and their value with the raw materials inventory report. This manufacturing ERP tool makes it easy to calculate what materials are used and how much they cost.

Real estate investment trusts, or REITs, are companies that own or finance income-producing real estate and must pay out at least 90% of their taxable income to shareholders every year. They are a great way to diversify your portfolio!

Realized gains are profits gained from selling an asset, whereas unrealized gains are potential profits existing only on paper.

Recession is a major period of economic downturn that affects businesses and individuals alike.

Recurring revenue is a key ingredient for companies looking for a steady stream of income. It is predictable, stable, and certain, making it an ideal source of income for any business.

Regression analysis is a powerful tool for understanding the relationships between variables and making predictions about the future.

A retirement account is a type of investment or savings account with tax advantages, designed to help individuals save for their retirement.

Return on assets (ROA) is a way of measuring a company's profitability by calculating a percentage based on the amount of assets involved in generating profit.

Return on equity (ROE) is an important measure of a corporation's profitability, calculated by dividing net income by shareholders' equity.

ROI is a great way to measure the profitability of an investment, allowing you to compare different investments and make informed decisions.

ROI is a great way to measure the success of an investment and compare it to other available options in order to make the best decision.

Revenue is the backbone of any business, as it is what keeps the business afloat and determines how many employees can be hired.

A revenue report is a financial document that details a company's revenues, or total income, from its business activities over a specific period.

Risk is an important factor to consider when making decisions, as it is quantified by analyzing past behavior and results.

Risk management is the process of identifying, assessing, and controlling risks to an organization's capital and earnings. It is a continuous process that takes into account a variety of sources to ensure financial stability.

Risk-adjusted return is a measurement of a potential investment's potential profit taking into account its associated risk. It is used to evaluate individual stocks, investment funds, and entire portfolios.

Roth IRAs are the perfect way to take advantage of tax benefits and save for your future!

The Sales by product report gives a detailed breakdown of all sale items, including line items and shipping charges.

The Sales Commission Report is a useful tool for tracking sales for any salesperson or employee in a sales-oriented company. It tracks individual sales and the associated unit price, markup %, total price, and commission owed.

Sales forecast reports are essential for making informed investment decisions, as they help predict future sales performance based on current trends.

The Sales History Report is an optional report that compares sales in the current and previous year and includes information from the Tenant Sales History, Sales Overage Master, and Product Scales Master files, as well as sales overage.

Sales reports are essential documents that provide an overview of a business's sales activity, from sales volume to revenue and costs. They can include numerous KPIs and performance metrics that help explain how the figures in the report will impact future sales operations.

A Sales volume report is the perfect way to stay on top of your sales performance, providing important data to team leaders and managers in an easy-to-read format.

Save your money in a savings account and avoid a monthly fee for your deposits!

Securities are tradable financial assets, such as stocks, bonds, and options, that represent an ownership stake, a creditor relationship, or rights to ownership as represented by an option.

The SEC oversees the financial markets and ensures they operate efficiently, facilitating capital formation and overseeing tens of thousands of registrants.

Securitization is a process of pooling assets together, like mortgages, to create a financial instrument that can be sold to investors.

A share represents a unit of ownership in a corporation or financial asset, entitling the holder to a proportion of profits or losses.

The Sharpe ratio is a measure of a portfolio's risk-adjusted performance, proposed in 1966 by economist William F. Sharpe, which compares a fund's returns against the variability of a benchmark.

A shipping report is a detailed document that tracks the movement and status of goods from the point of origin to the point of delivery.

Short selling is an advanced financial strategy used by traders as a form of speculation or hedging, but carries risk.

Short-term debt is a fast and convenient way for companies to manage their current liabilities and ensure their long-term financial stability.

Simple interest is a financial tool used to calculate the interest earned on an investment by multiplying the principal amount, rate, and term together.

Small cap stocks are the perfect way to get in on the ground floor of a promising company. With a market capitalization of between $250 million and $2 billion, these stocks offer potential investors the opportunity to get in early and watch their investments grow.

Spot prices are the current market prices for gold, silver, and other commodities, making it a great way to buy and sell now.

Standard deviation is a measure of variation in a data set, expressed in the same units as the data. It is useful because it is a summary statistic that can be used to compare samples and estimates.

The Statement of Cash Flows report is an essential tool for measuring a company's liquidity and its ability to manage its money. It provides a summary of cash and equivalents movements, calculated using the indirect method to adjust net income.

The statement of retained earnings is an essential financial document that provides insight into how much money a company has kept in the business to date.

A stock represents a share in the ownership of a company and constitutes a claim on part of the company's assets and earnings.

A stock exchange is a marketplace where buyers and sellers trade stocks and other securities, often facilitated by a broker.

The stock market is a place where companies can invest their money for cash equivalents.

Stock options are a type of equity derivative - specifically, call options - that allow you to purchase stocks at a predetermined price.

A stock option plan report is a document that details the distribution, status, and exercise of stock options within a company's employee stock option plan.

Stock splits are a great way for companies to make their stocks more accessible and affordable for investors. Common split ratios are 2-for-1 and 3-for-1, which will increase the company's liquidity.

Running a stock valuation report at the end of each accounting period can help ensure that your company's assets are accurately valued.

Stockholders equity is a company's balance sheet which consists of share capital and retained earnings.

Strategic planning is a must-have tool to reach organizational success - it focuses energy and resources, sets priorities, strengthens operations, and establishes agreement around desired outcomes.

Subordinated debt is a type of unsecured debt that is issued by corporations and other businesses, and also known as "junior debt".

Subprime mortgages have been blamed for the 2008 financial crisis, and come with certain restrictions.

The law of supply and demand dictates that changes in resource, commodity, and product prices determine their availability and demand.

Swaps are financial instruments used to reduce risk, typically over-the-counter contracts that involve exchanging one financial instrument, cashflow, or payment for another for a certain time, based on a notional principal amount.

Systematic risk is the risk that affects us all, from geopolitical issues to our day-to-day lives. It is ever-present and can be caused by a combination of factors.

Taxes are the ultimate price for success, as they are mandatory payments taken from individuals and corporations to finance government activities. Taxes are collected as a percentage of the monetary exchange, so make sure to pay yours!

Tax liability is a complex topic; it is the total amount of money owed to federal, state, and local governments in the form of taxes.

The Sales Tax Liability report is a comprehensive breakdown of total sales and total income.

A tax return report is a document filed with a tax authority that reports income, expenses, and other pertinent tax information, used to calculate and confirm the amount of tax owed or refunded.

Taxable income includes wages, salaries, bonuses, and tips earned and is subject to taxation.

Technical analysis is an effective form of trading that evaluates investments to help make the best decisions.

A term loan is a one-time lump sum of money that can be used for both personal and business expenses.

Time and attendance reports have come a long way, from the manual system of employees completing time cards to the more efficient attendance software that automates daily tasks. Employers now have the advantage of tracking work hours and using punch clock technology for payroll and benefits.

Time value of money is an important concept to understand when it comes to evaluating investments and other financial decisions. It is the core principle of valuation.

Total asset turnover is a useful tool for evaluating a company's performance as it compares their sales to their total assets to measure how efficiently they produce sales.

Treasury bonds are a secure and reliable way to invest in the US economy, with a fixed interest rate and the option to sell before maturity. Plus, U.S. savings bonds come in a variety of forms, giving you plenty of options!

Treasury stock is stock a company has bought back from the market and is now held by the company itself.

The Trial Balance Report is a vital accounting document that lists the balances of all general ledger accounts at the end of a fiscal year, and the total of the debit and credit columns should match.

Underlying assets are the financial assets that form the basis for a derivative's price. Options are one type of derivative, and their underlying asset is typically the stock of a particular company.

Underwriters are the risk-takers of the financial world, evaluating and assuming the risks associated with mortgages, insurance, loans, and investments.

Unlevered free cash flow is a measure of cash flow available to equity and debt holders from business operations and is used to determine the enterprise value of the company. This figure is important for financial modeling and is used to calculate the net present value of a business.

Valuation is a quantitative process that helps determine the fair value of an asset or company by considering the worth of the security and company using multiples.

A variable annuity is a contract between an investor and an insurance company that offers the potential for greater returns than traditional annuities.

Variable costs are expenses that increase or decrease with production output and sales. They contrast with fixed costs which remain the same regardless of output.

A Variable Cost Report is used to determine the expenses associated with production or sales, allowing businesses to optimize their profits by analyzing their variable costs.

Variance analysis reports use the column method to calculate variances, which is the simplest way to do so by adding direct materials, direct labor, variable manufacturing overhead, and fixed manufacturing overhead.

The Vendor Aging report helps you keep track of all your outstanding balances, sorted by how long each payment has been past due.

The Vendor Payment History report provides comprehensive details on vendor payments, including the account, 1099 type, amount, and comment for each payment, as well as the source of the original entry for each payment.

A vendor performance report is a comprehensive evaluation that measures a supplier's performance based on various criteria such as delivery time, quality of goods or services, and adherence to terms and conditions.

Venture capital is a form of private equity investment that is used to finance high-growth opportunities and leverage further investments.

Volatility measures the risk associated with a security or market index, and is used to price options accordingly.

Wall Street can be a tricky place: one minute it's going up, the next it could be in a correction!

WACC is an important discount rate used to calculate the net present value of a business. It takes into account the cost of equity, debt, and preferred stock and weights them based on their percentage of total capital.

The WIP report is an accounting tool used in construction companies to track the overall progress of a project and how over or underbilled the company is.

Working capital management is an essential way to manage any business and ensure its success.

A year-end report is an essential tool for strategic planning, and can be completed easily with the Simple Year End Report template. The Annual Financial Report template provides an in-depth break down of a company's financials, while the Annual Sales Report, Annual Marketing Report, and Annual Expense Report templates are used to track profits and losses.

Yield is the earnings generated from an investment over a set period of time, expressed as a percentage, and can include interest, dividends, and other income. A high yield may be a sign of a falling stock price or high dividends.

Yield curves are used as a benchmark to compare different debt securities in the market.

Yield to maturity (YTM) is a key metric in bond investing that compares different bonds and helps investors understand how changing market conditions could affect their portfolio. YTM is expressed as an annualized rate regardless of a bond's maturity date.

A zero-coupon bond is a bond that is issued without interest payments and trades at a much lower price than its face value.