How To Find P-Value In Excel Using Z Score

Finding P-Value in Excel Using Z Score

Calculating the p-value using a z score in Excel can be done through the Z.TEST function. This function determines the one-tailed p-value of a z-test, essential for statistical analysis.

Using the Z.TEST Function

To apply the Z.TEST function, input an array or range, the z score you're testing against, and optionally, the population standard deviation. Syntax: Z.TEST(array,x,[sigma]).

Step-by-Step P-Value Calculation

Firstly, enter your data set into a range of cells. Use the Z.TEST function by providing this range as the first argument. Include the z score as the second argument. If the population standard deviation is known, add it as the third argument. Without the population standard deviation, the sample standard deviation will be used.

Formula Breakdown

For the p-value calculation, the formula is 1-Norm.S.Dist((AVERAGE(array)-x)/(sigma/sqrt(n)),TRUE) when the population standard deviation is provided. If omitted, 1-Norm.S.Dist((AVERAGE(array)-x)/(STDEV(array)/sqrt(n)),TRUE) is used by default.

Error Handling

Ensure your data range isn't empty, as Z.TEST will return the #N/A error. To avoid this, always check your data input before execution.

Interpreting Results

After running Z.TEST, interpret the p-value based on your research question or threshold for significance. A low p-value indicates that the z score is less likely under the null hypothesis.

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