=COVARIANCE.P(array1,array2)
=COVARIANCE.P(A2:A6, B2:B6) returns 5.2. This is because the covariance is the average of the products of deviations for each data point pair in the table.
=COVARIANCE.P(A2:A6, B2:B6) returns the #DIV/0! error value if either array1 or array2 is empty. This means that the calculation cannot be completed because of missing data.
=COVARIANCE.P(A2:A6, B2:B6) returns the #N/A error value if either array1 or array2 has a different number of data points. This means that the calculation cannot be completed because the data points are not the same length.
The Covariance.P function is a statistical tool used to measure the joint variability of two random variables. Introduced in MS Excel 2010, it has better accuracy than its predecessor, COVAR.