COLUMN([reference])
=COLUMN(A1)
The function returns 1 because it is a single cell reference. This means that it gives the column number of the cell that is specified in the argument, in this case A1.
=COLUMN(C1)
The function returns 3, because C is the third column in a Sourcetable spreadsheet. This means that the function returns the column number for the cell that is specified in the argument, in this case, C1.
=COLUMN()
The function returns 4 in cell D6 because the formula is set to return a single value. This means that it gives the column number of the cell from which the formula is called. In this case, the formula is called from the fourth column, so it returns the number 4.
=COLUMN(E4:G6)
The function returns the array {5,6,7} because it takes a range argument and returns the column numbers for that range. This means that it gives the column numbers for each of the cells in the range specified in the argument, in this case E4:G6. Since E is the fifth column, F is the sixth column, and G is the seventh column, the function returns the array {5,6,7}.
The COLUMNS function returns the number of columns in a data set or reference by taking an array argument and a reference argument. The array argument is required and must be an array or array formula, while the reference argument is a range of cells to count the number of columns in.